What ingredients exist in Citrus ?
Different citrus species contain different chemical ingredients or different content of ingredients.
1.Sour oranges (Citrus aurantium)
Sour orange contains hesperidin,neohesperidin,naringin,synephrine,N-methyltyramine. Immature fruit contains naringin,rhoifolin,lonicerin,neohesperidin. Neohesperidin disappears while fruit matures. The peel also contains nobiletin (5,6,7,8,3’,4’-hexamethoxy flavone),hesperidin,tangeritin (5,6,7,8, 4’-pentamethoxy flavone), 5,7,4’-trimethoxy flavone,sinensitin (5,6,7,3’,4’-pentamethoxy flavone),5,7,8,4’-tetramethoxy flavone. The seed contains limonoids such as ichangin,deacetyl nomilin,limonin,nomilin,obacunone,deacetylnomilinic acid,isolimonic acid,nomilinic acid and their 17-β-D- glucoside,also contains 19-hydroxydeacetylnomilinic acid-17-β-D- glucoside.
2. Sweet oranges (Citrus sinensis)
Sweet orange contains naringenin-7-ruti-noside,that’s narirutin,isosaku-ranetin-7-rutinoside),eriocitrin,naringenin-4’-glucoside-7-rutinoside,synephrine,N-methyltyramine. The peel contains hesperidine,naringin,citrusin A,B,C, coniferin,syringin,dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol-4-β-D-glucoside,2”-O-β-xylosylvitexin,3-hydroxy-5,6,7,8,3’,4’-hexamethoxyflavone-3β-glucoside,that’s nobiletin-3-O-β-glucoside, 3,8-di-C-glucosylapigenin, 3,8-di-C-glucosyldiosmetin,trans-carveol-6β-glucopyranoside, a-terpineol-8-β-D-glucopyranoside, 9-hydroxylinalool-9-β-glucopyranoside, vomifoliol-9-O-β-D- glucopyranoside and narirutin so on. Also contains tangeritin, nobiletin, 5,7,4’-trimethoxy flavone, 5,7,3’4’-tetramethoxy flavone and 5,7,8,3’4’-pentamethoxy flavone, citrusin Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ.
3. Citrus Reticulata
Citrus Reticulata contains hesperidin,naringin,neohesperidin,poncirin,palmitic acid,stearoc acid,oleic acid,linoleic acid,linolenic acid,synephrine, N-methyltyramine. Immature fruit contains poncimarin,iso-poncimarin,7-geranyloxycoumarin(aurapten),6-methyoxyaurapten,bergapten, imperatorin. The seed contains isopimpinellin,prangenin(heraclenin),prangeninhydrate, bergapten, imperatorin, aurapten,6-methyoxyaurapten and limonoids such as limonin, deacetyl nomilin, ichangin, deacetyl nomilinic acid and isolimonic acid.
4.Peels of citrus fruits
Of course,the peels of fruit also contain a-pinene, β-pinene, myrcene, limonene, camphene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene,caryophyllene,linalool and so on.
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